Materials and welding metallurgy

Material creep

This is a didactic model that illustrates trends. Actual assessment of pressure parts, boilers and piping requires material creep data, code-based calculations, operating history and weld inspection.

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Topic overview

This is a didactic model that illustrates trends. Actual assessment of pressure parts, boilers and piping requires material creep data, code-based calculations, operating history and weld inspection.

Creep becomes technically significant at approximately 0.3–0.4 Tm. The same temperature of 550 °C therefore represents a completely different condition for aluminium, ferritic steel and a nickel alloy.

In Cr-Mo and 9–12% Cr steels, the decisive region is often not the weld metal but the softened fine-grained/intercritical HAZ. Creep strain concentrates there and intergranular damage develops.

Material, heat input, interpass temperature, preheat, PWHT, filler material, HAZ hardness, NDT and the periodic inspection plan. A creep assessment is incomplete without service time and temperature.

What the module covers

  • Material creep — long-term time-dependent deformation
  • Interactive creep estimate
  • Homologous temperature
  • Primary, secondary and tertiary creep
  • Type IV cracking
  • What the welding engineer must address
Educational content does not replace current standards, approved WPS/WPQR documentation or decisions by competent welding coordination personnel.